17 Jul 2022

56

How to Get Citizenship in the United States

Format: APA

Academic level: College

Paper type: Annotated Bibliography

Words: 876

Pages: 3

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  Lyons, P. A., Coursey, L. E., & Kenworthy, J. B. (2013). National identity and group narcissism as predictors of intergroup attitudes toward undocumented Latino immigrants in the United States.  Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences 35 (3), 323-335

The three authors are respected scholars in their area of expertise. The authors seek to explore the fundamental issues that face immigrants in the US. The central area of investigation is the attitude the general population has toward the undocumented Latino immigrants. The backdrop of the study comes at a time when the political landscape is charged with polarizing debates concerning illegal immigration and immigration policies. The attitudes toward the undocumented immigrants determine how other people, and especially the majority population treats them. The choice of study sample in this research plays an important role based on the assumption that university students have attained a higher degree of understanding and dealing with the controversial and conflicting social issues that are facing the society. The authors review the challenges that undocumented immigrants have met in the US. The authors are interested in determining the psychological predictors that affect the attitudes toward the undocumented Latino immigrants. 

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The authors clearly explain the key terms that are influencing the attitude, which is national in-group identity and group narcissism. The authors cite previous studies that have been conducted in the past to illuminate more on the topics. The participants in the survey included 187 females and 36 males, totaling to 223 of the final analysis. The variables tested were immigrant attitudes, national in-group identification, and group narcissism. The results were analyzed and the conclusion of the authors resonated with the study hypothesis. The article adds more weight to the study of immigration issues. According to the authors, the attitudes towards the immigrants are amplified through racial discrimination and prejudice. The article sets precedence for the policymakers to review the social and political climates that are shaping the immigration issues in the country. 

Painter, M. A., & Qian, Z. (2016). Wealth Inequality among Immigrants: Consistent Racial/Ethnic Inequality in the United States.  Population Research and Policy Review 35 (2), 147-175. 

Painter and Qian take a research trajectory that is entirely different from the literature on the subject based on their admission. The researchers focus on wealth inequality among the immigrants. The previous studies have mostly dwelled on the wealth disparities in the society without a direct focus on the immigrants. Majority of the immigrants seek greener pastures regarding attainment of economic mobility in the US. As such, achieving the dream of economic empowerment in the US becomes a priority for the immigrants. Just like any society, the authors hypothesize the contribution of ethnic or racial inequality on wealth inequality among the immigrants. Racial inequality in the US is both systemic and structural. The authors highlight the impediments and factors that are contributing to wealth inequalities among the immigrants. The critical issues include immigrant status, time spent in the country, proficiency in the English language, and U.S education. The investigators aver that integration of immigrants in the US society is affected by financial well-being. 

Painter and Qian relied on data obtained from Survey and Program Participation (SIPP) between 2001 and 2004. The credibility of the data source is premised on the availability of detailed financial and immigration information. The resourcefulness of the article is founded on the in-depth explanation of conceptual framework including racial realities, immigrant integration, and assimilation. The racial prejudice that immigrants encounter in the US society affects the degree of integration. The study focused on three categories of immigrant including the Asians, Blacks, and Latinos. The findings of the study are concordant with the speculation of the authors. The level of racial prejudice that immigrants from regions of provenance encounter determines their financial well-being. The authors note that Black immigrants are at the top of the wealth inequality facing the immigrants. 

Wilson, F. A., Wang, Y., Stimpson, J. P., Kessler, A. S., Do, D. V., & Britigan, D. H. (2014). Disparities in visual impairment by immigrant status in the United States.  American journal of ophthalmology 158 (4), 800-807. 

Wilson and coauthors aim at addressing the disparities that exist in visual impairment among the immigrants in the US. The researchers assert the previous researches that have consistently proved that the non-citizens or immigrants are leading a healthy life compared to the US natives. Empirical studies have shown that health status of immigrants is different from that of the US natives. The US natives in the study are defined as people who are born in the US regardless of their ethnic or racial background. The authors affirm the paradoxical assumption that emerges when discussing health status of the immigrants. In other words, due to low socio-economic, legislative hurdles to health care, and language barrier it is expected that the quality of health of the immigrants will be low. However, the health of the immigrants has surpassed the expectation of all people. The authors highlight the factors that are likely to promote disparity in the health of the immigrants. By mentioning these factors, the authors underscore the potential fault lines that are affecting the social and economic integration of the immigrants in the American society. 

The authors use data obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2003 and 2008. The visual impairment conditions that were analyzed include visual acuity, hyperopia, astigmatism, and myopia. The study findings are consistent with the previous results on the health status of immigrants compared to the US natives. Whereas the researchers meet the study goals, they are interested in understanding the underlying factors that are contributing to the disparities. Future research will probably unearth the factors that are promoting health disparities between the two categories. The authors anticipate that the yielding results will be utilized in formulating accommodative policies in the country. 

References 

Lyons, P. A., Coursey, L. E., & Kenworthy, J. B. (2013). National identity and group narcissism as predictors of intergroup attitudes toward undocumented Latino immigrants in the United States.  Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences 35 (3), 323-335. 

Painter, M. A., & Qian, Z. (2016). Wealth Inequality among Immigrants: Consistent Racial/Ethnic Inequality in the United States.  Population Research and Policy Review 35 (2), 147-175. 

Wilson, F. A., Wang, Y., Stimpson, J. P., Kessler, A. S., Do, D. V., & Britigan, D. H. (2014). Disparities in visual impairment by immigrant status in the United States.  American journal of ophthalmology 158 (4), 800-807. 

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StudyBounty. (2023, September 16). How to Get Citizenship in the United States.
https://studybounty.com/how-to-get-citizenship-in-the-united-states-annotated-bibliography

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