Bell, D. (1991). The winding passage: Sociological essays and journey. New Brunswick, NJ, U.S.A.: Transaction.
Daniel Bell is an American sociologist, and he studied Bachelor of science. His achievements give him qualifications for exploring the role of science in technological development.
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Bell presents an argument related to the development of technology in society. In the first section, Bell gives an overview of the relationship between human and nature and the role they play in creating technology. Based on this information, Bell argues that human beings manipulate the environment in an attempt of gaining maximum benefits from nature. Human beings are a rational being, and they apply technology to maximize the benefits they receive from environment. This source contributes to the understanding of technological development in society. The third section implies the concept of technology and the aspects that should be considered when discussing the application of technology in the community.
Bell contributes to the thesis that most people express technophilia by presenting the functioning of technology. The argument that human beings are rational, and they seek to maximize outcomes from nature by applying technology.
.Gibson, W. (2016). Neuromancer. London: Gollancz.
Gibson is an American-Canadian fiction speculative writer. He focuses on writing risky behavior of individuals, especially with the increase in technology. Most of his analysis focuses the effects of cyberspace of the lives of people in a society.
The analysis of the novel indicates that cyberspace has changed the lives of people by affecting the communication pathways. Cyberspace appears to have formed a new source of information where people share ideas related to capitalism formation. This information shows that sharing cyberspace has become the avenue for creating ideal arguments and perceptions about forming capitalism at the global level. The emergence of cyberspace has changed how money flows in the modern economy, thus increasing the rate of circulation of money in the worldwide level.
The information presented by Gibson contributes to the reasons as to why people have become increasingly concerned with technology. People are rational being and cyberspace has become an exciting approach for ensuring that people maximize benefits from technology.
McLuhan, M. (2016). Understanding Media The Extensions of Man. Scotts Valley: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform.
Marshall McLuhan is a Canadian philosopher who has been researching the medium of revolution in society. His analysis has been contributing to the changes that occur in the community in the line of technology.
Over the periods of analysis, McLuhan has been analyzing the different technological advancements in society. This article focuses on explaining the various means of fragmentary and mechanical technologies in the western world. The modern technological advancements have changed contributing to changes in the life of human beings. Technological changes have taken different phases, and people are approaching the final stage of extension of the technological stimulation. In the first section, there is a presentation of ways in which technological advancements have affected the lives of people in different aspects such as political and economic areas. The second part presents technology as a medium that facilitates the transfer of knowledge from one place to the other.
The information presented in this article supports the thesis that technology has become Technophobia. The analysis of the different institutions affected by technology and using technology as a medium of message exchange shows that technology has become part of human life.
Turkle, S. (2012). Alone together: Why we expect more from technology and less from each other. New York: Basic Books.
Turkle is a professor of social studies and focuses on understanding human behavior. In this article, Turkle analyzes how technology affects the interaction of human beings in society.
Turkle recognizes the harm that technology has caused in modern society have changed their relationship with neighbors as a result of technological advancements. Technology is doing peculiar things to the community because people spend most of their time on social media rather than sharing ideas through physical interaction with friends. For instance, average American teenage spends approximately nine hours a day on social media, thus affecting the way communication. Social media platforms such as instant messenger, Myspace, and Facebook have become the medium of exchange with most people sharing information. The machines continue evolving, and people have increasingly changed how people receive information and understand the functioning in society.
The article analyzes the effects of technology on human behavior from social media. This information indicates that social media has both positive and adverse effects on human behavior.
Blakemore, Sarah-Jayne, et al. “Developmental Changes in the Structure of the Social Brain in Late Childhood and Adolescence.” Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Neurosci., vol. 9, no. 1, 2014, pp. 123–131.
Blackmore is a professor of neuroscience and understand human brain development. His work creates an opportunity for understanding social brain development and the factors that contribute to changes in brain development.
From infancy, people usually show signs of social cognition where people develop information related to the development of the human brain. Over the previous years, it has been believed that social cognitive completes during childhood. However, scholars realize that human development takes place even over the lifetime of an individual depending on environmental elements. In effect, social cognitive development takes place in adolescents, and technological changes have been contributing to the changes that occur in the human development approach. Online platforms have affected the behavior of human beings by presenting information regarding the effects that the online platforms cause to human behavior.
Analyzing the effects of online services and technological avenues shows the impact that technology causes on social behavior. Technology has an impact on human beings, thus increasing how technology causes to human behavior.
Fuster, Joaquin. The Prefrontal Cortex. Elsevier Science, 2015.
Fuster Joaquin has an experience in the field of medicine and neuroscience, thus presenting viable views in understanding how people receive information regarding how hierarchical organization affects human behavior.
At the beginning of the book, Fuster focuses on analyzing the effects that take place in the evolution of anatomy. The focus of this information indicates that brain development takes place in different institutions. These hierarchical organizations affect how the brain develops, thus determining how people in society receive information associated with growth in the human brain. Emotion and social behavior depend on the evolvement that takes place in these institutions. Technology is presented as one of the aspects that contribute to the development of human brain thus affecting social behavior.
Information related to brain development and neuroscience shows that people have an opportunity for understanding how technology affects social behavior of an individual. Analysis of the hierarchical organizations that affect the human brain indicates that technology affects social behavior.
Lin, Fuchun, et al. “Abnormal White Matter Integrity in Adolescents with Internet Addiction Disorder: A Tract-Based Spatial Statistics Study.” PLoS ONE, vol. 7, no. 1, 2012, pp.10.
Lin is a research staff in the Nanyang Technological University and has made essential contributions in understanding the effects of the internet on the brain of adolescents. He researched seventeen subjects with Internet addiction disorder and a control group of individuals without internet disorder.
Scholars have been focusing on analyzing the effects of social media and internet services on the behavior of internet users. The development of technology exceptionally social media has created a new source of entertainment resulting in addiction. Studies focus on understanding the effects of social media based on psychological examination. However, Lin analyzes internet addiction disorder by understanding the brain structure. Internet use , and it affects the functioning of the brain, thus resulting in addiction. The results of the research reveal that internet results in a reduction of the white matter structure in the , thus increasing the level of addiction in human behavior.
The information presented in this article shows that people have an opportunity for understanding how the internet causes addiction. Technological innovation has created social media platforms causing addiction in human beings.
Macintyre, Peter D., and R. C. Gardner. “The Subtle Effects of Language Anxiety on Cognitive Processing in the Second Language.” Language Learning, vol. 44, no. 2, 1994, pp. 283–305.
Macintyre is a professor at the University College of Cape Breton while Gardner is a professor at the University of Ontario. Their research focuses on understanding the effects of anxiety on cognitive processing, especially in achieving the second language.
Their research focuses on understanding how language anxiety affects the outcomes of learning the second language. In the analysis, there is a division of learning into four different stages and analyzing the effects of stress in understanding the functioning of human beings. For instance, there is the input, processing, and output, thus showing the impact that such people may have in the operation of the brain of the individual. The results indicate that there is a negative correlation between anxiety and the outcome of the learning process. This information shows that stress reduces the consequences of the learning process.
The information presented in this journal shows that anxiety affects the learning process. In effect, technology causes concern among individuals, thus harming the brain functioning of the individuals.
Nutt, David J., et al. “The Dopamine Theory of Addiction: 40 Years of Highs and Lows.” Nature Reviews, Neuroscience, vol. 16, no. 5, 2015, pp. 305–312.
Nutt David is a neuropsychopharmacologist, and he is in a position to understand the effects of the internet. The analysis of this information reveals that addiction has been classified as a disorder, and there is a need for establishing mechanisms applicable to understanding the results that people may have on the lives of individuals.
The research conducted by Nutt indicates that addiction is a disorder, and it contributes to the adverse effects associated with drug addiction. His research focuses on generalizing the different forms of addiction, such as drugs. His approach focuses on understanding the impact of addiction and the implementation of strategies that are applicable in understanding the ways for handling addiction.
Technology advancement has created different forms of social platforms. Adolescents spend most of their time on social media presents a different type of addiction. The technological intervention mechanism needs to be applied to understanding how such dependence can be reduced.
Rosen, Larry D., and Michelle M. Weil. “Computer Availability, Computer Experience, and Technophobia among Public School Teachers.” Computers in Human Behavior, vol. 11, no. 1, 1995, pp. 9–31.
Rosen, Larry is the chair of the psychology of Emirates while Michelle Weil is an expert in the psychology of technology. Their research focuses on understanding how teachers develop technophobia.
Rosen and Michelle focus on understanding the effects that people usually have on technological development. They collect data focusing on understanding the rate of using computers in schools. The results indicate that schools have access to computers, but teachers, especially those in the social science sector, do not integrate the use of social media in schools. Computer experience is one of the factors that contribute to technophobia, thus showing the low rate of using computers by teachers. However, the use of computers depends on other aspects, such as gender and age. This information indicates that the use and effects of technology affect people in different groups differently.
The information presented in this article supports the argument that adolescents have developed a high rate of using technology platforms such as social media as opposed to the aged. However, the information adds to the thesis by combining knowledge of the factors that affect the rate of using technology in a population.
