Numerous researches have investigated challenges that might be faced by children with special needs or high ability. However, research regarding twice-exceptional children with high ability and a co-occurring infirmity has not been given much attention by researchers ( Fosenburg, 2018) . Very little research has been carried out regarding twice-exceptional children, especially those having attentional problems ( Beckmann & Minnaert, 2018) . Inadequate awareness and knowledge concerning twice-exceptional children and adolescents corresponding to adolescents with at most one exceptionality. For example, giftedness, high ability, or ADHD, is concerning twice-exceptional adolescents might not get the need services to perform in their academics and may experience poor social connection and self-efficacy consequences to their peers with only one exceptionality.
The main goal of this research it to examine if twice-exceptional children struggle more with making friends than once exceptional children who only have ADHD or are gifted. Several studies have speculated exceptional social relationships in youths carry out protective functions as children start to associate with each other increase drastically. Moreover, the quality of socialization has an advance effect on the navigation of children's developmental tasks, including developing interpersonal intimacy skills ( Carroll, 2018) . The question under research is, “I wonder if twice-exceptional children struggle more with making friends than once exceptional children who only have ADHD or are gifted?"
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The researcher has an alternative hypothesis. Twice-exceptional children do not struggle while making friends than once exceptional children who only have ADHD or are gifted . The null hypothesis is that both twice-exceptional children and once-exceptional children who only have ADHD or are gifted have the same experiences making friends. Twice-exceptional children are at risk because their social, emotional, and educational needs are not always detected. Research conducted by Foley -Nicpon et al. (2015) indicates that five percent of people with disabilities and four percent of students with special needs are gifted. The intellectual ability of twice-exceptional children often masks particular areas of weakness ( Ronksley-Pavia et al., 2018) . The children's inconsistency in friendship and education might lead to an educator perceiving that those students are not putting the much-needed effort. The finding of this research study can have significant connections for how twice-exceptional students can interact to develop quality skills in friendships.
References
Beckmann, E., & Minnaert, A. (2018) Non-cognitive Characteristics of Gifted Students With Learning Disabilities: An In-depth Systematic Review retrieved from https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00504/full
Carroll, L.S.L.(2018) Practical Interventions to Improve Domain-Specific Social, Emotional, or Academic Outcomes for Twice-Exceptional Individuals (2e). Preprints 2018120282 (doi: 10.20944/preprints201812.0282.v1) retrieved from https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/201812.0282/v1
Foley-Nicpon, M., Assouline, S. G., & Fosenburg, S. (2015). The relationship between self-concept, ability, and academic programming among twice-exceptional youth: The journal of secondary gifted education JSGE. Journal of Advanced Academics, 26(4), 256-273. Retrieved from http://ezproxy.liberty.edu/login?qurl=https%3A%2F%2Fsearch.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F1732326749%3Faccountid%3D12085
Fosenburg, S. (2018) Investigating Friendship Qualities in High Ability or Achieving, Typically Developing, ADHD, and Twice-Exceptional Youth. ProQuest LLC. Ann Arbor, MI. retrieved from https://search-proquest-com.ezproxy.liberty.edu/docview/2116220370?pq-origsite=summon
Ronksley-Pavia, M., Grootenboer, P., & Pendergast, D. (2018) Privileging the Voices of Twice-Exceptional Children: An Exploration of Lived Experiences and Stigma Narratives retrieved from https://journals-sagepub-com.ezproxy.liberty.edu/doi/full/10.1177/0162353218816384?utm_source=summon&utm_medium=discovery-provider
