Validity is defined as the extent to which the findings made in a given research work show the phenomenon that researchers were trying to validate or measure. Validity can be divided into two main categories: internal validity and external validity. Internal validity is usually influenced by factors within the research study such as the instruments and tools used and the design of the research study. The interpretation of the data by the researchers may also be flawed if the research project is said to be internally invalid. Some of the factors that influence internal validity include subject variability, history, maturation, instrument sensitivity, attrition, the size of the population used and time is taken during data collection. External research validity is influenced by factors such as the characteristics of the population, the effort of time, methodology in data collection, researcher effects, and the explicitness of independent variables (Kumar, 2014). As for reliability, it is defined as the consistency of measurement in a research study. Some factors that that influence reliability include the population used in the research study, data methodology, time used in data collection, history of the research subject being evaluated or studied, subject variability, and researcher effects.
To ensure reliability and validity in my research study will include evaluating equivalence through the inter-rater reliability and utilise random sampling to certify that unknown influences are distributed evenly within the sample and by measuring both homogeneity and equivalence during research data collection (Kumar, 2014). These steps will ensure that the research study is both valid and reliable.
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References
Kumar, R. (2014). Research methodology: A step-by-step guide for beginners (4th ed.). London, United Kingdom: Sage.
