Anderson, C. A. (2002). PSYCHOLOGY: The Effects of Media Violence on Society. Science , 295 (5564), 2377-2379.
Key Terms
Prolonged exposure, media violence, aggression, extensive viewing
Abstract
Concerns over the detrimental implications of social media grew after the broadcasting of violent television began in 1946. Studies were conducted on the effects of such violent programs on specific groups in the society such as children and teenagers. The research which has since been conducted by six scientific bodies in the United States of America surmised that prolonged exposure to violent television programs adversely impacts the society.
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Reflection
From a personal point of view, the author’s hypothesis is accurate. Frequent and extensive exposure of the youth and children to such violent programming instigates violence in the community.
Quotes
Anderson (2002) elaborates that by 1972, comprehensive information had compelled the U.S Surgeon General to assert that “…televised violence, indeed does have an adverse effect on certain members of our society.”
Brown, J. (2018). Is Social Media Bad for You? The Evidence and the Unknowns. What the science suggests so far about the impact of platforms such as Facebook, Twitter or Instagram on your mental well-being. BBC [London].
Key Terms
Stress, mood, anxiety, depression, addiction
Abstract
The feature discusses the impact of social media on the mental health and social well-being of users. The article also adequately offer incentive on how to maintain one’s sanity and happiness while on the various social platforms.
Reflection
The article is relevant and helpful especially because research has determined that people who tend to spend a significant amount of time on social media end up being depressed. Media platforms such as Facebook, Snapchat, and Instagram have set new social standards which have led to despondency.
Quote
Brown (2018) affirms that “Researchers have looked at general anxiety provoked by social media, characterised by feelings of restlessness and worry, and trouble sleeping and concentrating.”
Ehmke, R. (2019). How Using Social Media Affects Teenagers. Child Mind Institute [New York].
Key Terms
Anxiety, discipline, bullying, behavior problems, depression, attention, self-esteem
Abstract
Following the development in technology, parents are concerned about the rate of exposure of preschoolers to technology. Children are quick in picking up new cognitive skills and critiques argue that prolonged exposure to the internet may impede their development.
Reflection
Parents are justified to be concerned for their children as social media has detrimental implications that may negatively affect a child’s development. Social media platforms have also been unwisely used to propagate bullying which ultimately lowers the self-esteem of children and causes anxiety.
Quotes
“… The survey results found that Snapchat, Facebook, Twitter and Instagram all led to increased feelings of depression , anxiety, poor body image and loneliness,” (Ehmke, 2019).
Fummey, S., Aziakui, F. K., & Adukpo, M. K. (2018). The Negative Effects of Social Media on Tertiary Students in Ghana. SSRN Electronic Journal.
Key Terms
Exposure, blogs, communication, cyberbullying
Abstract
The internet has become the most effective means of communication. Additionally, the internet is the most known and crucial source of information. Student in tertiary institutions have been discovered to be frequent visitors of social sites and, as a result, have no time for their studies. Arguably, students are of the opinion that their devoted time on the internet helps them learn.
Reflection
The prolonged exposure to the internet by students curtails chances of academic excellence as students tend to focus more on their social life. The use of social networking sites has led to the increase in bullying activities in tertiary institutions.
Quotes
Fummey, Aziakui, & Adukpo, (2018) explain that “Studies have also revealed that social media affects students’ use of English. They tend to use short- handwriting to chat with friends and get used to it thereby replicating the same errors during examinations.”
Gonzales, A. L., & Hancock, J. T. (2011). Mirror, Mirror on my Facebook Wall: Effects of Exposure to Facebook on Self-Esteem. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking , 14 (1-2), 79-83.
Key Terms
Self-awareness, self-esteem, self-presentation
Abstract
The study looked at various theories on the implications of Facebook exposure on the self-esteem of individuals. Various hypothesis were used in the research to determine whether the use of Facebook enhances or diminished one’s self-esteem.
Reflection
Facebook is one of the social sites that have transformed the society’s perception of beauty. Consequently, people identified with certain values and features which are used as the standard measure of beauty.
Quote
“… Yet Facebook, and other social-network sites, have the potential to affect temporary states of selfesteem,” (Gonzales, & Hancock, 2011).
Herring, S. C., & Kapidzic, S. (2015). Teens, Gender, and Self-Presentation in Social Media. International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences , 146-152.
Key Terms
Self-presentation, visibility, truthfulness
Abstract
The article concentrates on how teenagers present themselves on various social media platforms such as Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook. The research which was conducted in the United States of America reveals that teenagers portray themselves differently on social media.
Reflection
Teenagers have been identified to be the demographic group with the highest internet use. In various social sites, teenagers are exposed to different individuals of varying ages who influence them in one way or another. Consequently, teenagers develop alter egos on their social accounts which present them as different people from who they are offline..
Quote
Herring, & Kapidzic, (2015) elucidate that “. In a study of profiles on several social networking sites, including Facebook, female participants from the U.S. reported that they post “cute” pictures, while male participants were more likely to share pictures and comments that they described as self-promoting and that contained sexual content or references to alcohol.”
Khalil, A. (2016, October 26). The Bad Effect of Social Media . Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fiZUWVwHpe0
Abstract
Key Terms
Beauty, depression, neglect, addiction
The video shows how the society has lost perspective of the most important things such as parents neglecting to take care of their children and how instead of responding to emergencies people take pictures and post them online instead.
Reflection
The development of technology has changed the way people communicate and live in the current era. Both parents and children are glued to their screens and hardly notice any crucial issues arising. As a result, individuals are forced to feel deserted and depressed.
Lup, K., Trub, L., & Rosenthal, L. (2015). Instagram #Instasad?: Exploring Associations Among Instagram Use, Depressive Symptoms, Negative Social Comparison, and Strangers Followed. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking , 18 (5), 247-252
Key Terms
Psychological well-being, depression, comparison
Abstract
The increased use of social media has led to further deterioration of people’s mental health. The features introduced on some of the social platforms such as Facebook and Instagram subject individuals to mockery and ridicule. As a result, people become susceptible to bullying which causes depression.
Reflection
The posting of pictures on social media has led to a rather unhealthy culture of social comparison which causes individuals to lack self-worth. People tend to compare themselves to some of the celebrities and other popular figures. Thus, in the case that there are dissimilarities, people forget their uniqueness and end up with relatively low self-esteem.
Quote
Lup, Trub, & Rosenthal, (2015) explains that “…more frequent Instagram use has negative associations for people who follow more strangers, but positive associations for people who follow fewer strangers, with social comparison and depressive symptoms.”
Mehdizadeh, S. (2010). Self-Presentation 2.0: Narcissism and Self-Esteem on Facebook. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking.
Key Terms
Narcissism, self-esteem, gender difference, networking, self-presentation
Abstract
Social sites have presented new methods of self-presentation which are used by to evaluate personality and define identity. The study enlightens on the various ways in which social media encourages narcissism. Different genders were discovered to have dissimilar self-promotional techniques as women seem to focus more on physical beauty.
Reflection
There is a visible difference between the online and offline personalities of individuals. The former position may be rationalized by the fact that there is a lot of peer pressure on social media that forces people to develop multiple personalities just to fit in with a specific group that they identify with.
Quote
Mehdizadeh (2010) expound that “…a person’s conception of himself or herself can be distinguished by two categories: the ‘‘now self,’’ an identity established to others, and the ‘‘possible self,’’ an identity unknown to others. Users can achieve the latter state by withholding information, hiding undesirable physical features, and role-playing.”
Shaw, H. E., Stice, E., & Springer, D. W. (2004). Perfectionism, body dissatisfaction, and self-esteem in predicting bulimic symptomatology: Lack of replication. International Journal of Eating Disorders , 36 (1), 41-47.
Key Terms
Perfectionism, body dissatisfaction, self-esteem, bulimic symptoms, sensitivity
Abstract
The study delves into the models of bulimic pathology in social media. The research used a sample of 496 adolescent girls. The study was conducted for a period of 1 year where the subjects’ online activities were observed.
Reflection
In a world that is driven by perfectionism and absurd beauty standards, it is easy for people to find themselves in compromising victimizing positions. The unrealistic expectations of perfection has led to bulimic tendencies on social cites.
Quote
“ Although our study should have provided a more sensitive test of this model because we used a sample at higher risk for bulimic symptom increases, more sensitive diagnostic interviews, a longer follow-up period, and a larger sample, the three-way interaction did not predict subsequent increases in bulimic symptoms,” (Shaw, Stice, & Springer, 2004).
References
Anderson, C. A. (2002). PSYCHOLOGY: The Effects of Media Violence on Society. Science , 295 (5564), 2377-2379. doi:10.1126/science.1070765
Brown, J. (2018). Is Social Media Bad for You? The Evidence and the Unknowns. What the science suggests so far about the impact of platforms such as Facebook, Twitter or Instagram on your mental well-being. BBC [London]. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20180104-is-social-media-bad-for-you-the-evidence-and-the-unknowns
Ehmke, R. (2019). How Using Social Media Affects Teenagers. Child Mind Institute [New York]. Retrieved from https://childmind.org/article/how-using-social-media-affects-teenagers/
Fummey, S., Aziakui, F. K., & Adukpo, M. K. (2018). The Negative Effects of Social Media on Tertiary Students in Ghana. SSRN Electronic Journal . doi:10.2139/ssrn.3183850
Gonzales, A. L., & Hancock, J. T. (2011). Mirror, Mirror on my Facebook Wall: Effects of Exposure to Facebook on Self-Esteem. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking , 14 (1-2), 79-83. doi:10.1089/cyber.2009.0411
Herring, S. C., & Kapidzic, S. (2015). Teens, Gender, and Self-Presentation in Social Media. International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences , 146-152. doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-097086-8.64108-9
Khalil, A. (2016, October 26). The Bad Effect of Social Media . Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fiZUWVwHpe0
Lup, K., Trub, L., & Rosenthal, L. (2015). Instagram #Instasad?: Exploring Associations Among Instagram Use, Depressive Symptoms, Negative Social Comparison, and Strangers Followed. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking , 18 (5), 247-252. doi:10.1089/cyber.2014.0560
Mehdizadeh, S. (2010). Self-Presentation 2.0: Narcissism and Self-Esteem on Facebook. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking , 100722182519069. doi:10.1089/cpb.2009.0257
Shaw, H. E., Stice, E., & Springer, D. W. (2004). Perfectionism, body dissatisfaction, and self-esteem in predicting bulimic symptomatology: Lack of replication. International Journal of Eating Disorders , 36 (1), 41-47. doi:10.1002/eat.20016
Wiederhold, B. K. (2018). The Tenuous Relationship Between Instagram and Teen Self-Identity. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking , 21 (4), 215-216. doi:10.1089/cyber.2018.29108.bkw
